bt_name_format * bt_create_name_format (char * parts,
boolean abbrev_first);
void bt_free_name_format (bt_name_format * format);
void bt_set_format_text (bt_name_format * format,
bt_namepart part,
char * pre_part,
char * post_part,
char * pre_token,
char * post_token);
void bt_set_format_options (bt_name_format * format,
bt_namepart part,
boolean abbrev,
bt_joinmethod join_tokens,
bt_joinmethod join_part);
char * bt_format_name (bt_name * name, bt_name_format * format);
The ``name format'' is encapsulated in a "bt_name_format" structure, which is created with "bt_create_name_format()". This function includes some clever trickery that means you can usually get away with calling it alone, and not need to do any customization of the format. If you do need to customize the format, though, "bt_set_format_text()" and "bt_set_format_options()" provide that capability.
The format controls the following:
All of these except the list of parts to format are kept in arrays indexed by name part: for example, the structure has a field
char * post_token[BT_MAX_NAMEPARTS]
and "post_token[BTN_FIRST]" ("BTN_FIRST" is from the "bt_namepart" "enum") is the string to be added after each token in the first name---for example, "." if the first name is to be abbreviated in the conventional way.
Yet another "enum", "bt_joinmethod", describes the available methods for joining tokens together. Note that there are two sets of join methods in a name format: between tokens within a single part, and between the tokens of two different parts. The first allows you, for example, to change "J R Smith" (first name abbreviated with no post-token text but tokens joined by a space) to "JR Smith" (the same, but first-name tokens jammed together). The second is mainly used to ensure that ``von'' and ``last'' name-parts may be joined with a tie: "de~Roche" rather than "de Roche".
The token join methods are:
The format is then applied to a particular name by "bt_format_name()", which returns a new string.
Tokens are joined together, and thus the choice of whether to insert a ``discretionary tie'' is made, at two places: within a part and between two parts. Naturally, this only applies when "BTJ_MAYTIE" was supplied as the token-join method; "BTJ_SPACE" and "BTJ_FORCETIE" always insert either a space or tie, and "BTJ_NOTHING" always adds nothing between tokens. Within a part, ties are added after a the first token if it is less than three characters long, and before the last token. Between parts, a tie is added only if the preceding part consisted of single token that was less than three characters long. In all other cases, spaces are inserted. (This implementation slavishly follows BibTeX.)
bt_name_format * bt_create_name_format (char * parts,
boolean abbrev_first)
Creates a name format for a given set of parts, with variations for the most common forms of customization---the order of parts and whether to abbreviate the first name.
The "parts" parameter specifies which parts to include in a formatted name, as well as the order in which to format them. "parts" must be a string of four or fewer characters, each of which denotes one of the four name parts: for instance, "vljf" means to format all four parts in ``von last jr first'' order. No characters outside of the set "fvlj" are allowed, and no characters may be repeated. "abbrev_first" controls whether the `first' part will be abbreviated (i.e., only the first letter from each token will be printed).
In addition to simply setting the list of parts to format and the ``abbreviate'' flag for the first name, "bt_create_name_format()" initializes the entire format structure so as to minimize the need for further customizations:
Then, if `jr' is present and immediately after `last' (almost always the case), the pre-part text for `jr' is set to ", ", and the inter-part join method for `last' is set to "BTJ_NOTHING". This changes "John Smith Jr" (where the space following "Smith" comes from formatting the last name with a "BTJ_SPACE" inter-part join method) to "John Smith, Jr" (where the ", " is now associated with "Jr"---that way, if there is no `jr' part, the ", " will not be printed.)
Finally, if `first' is present and immediately follows either `jr' or `last' (which will usually be the case in ``last-name first'' formats), the same sort of trickery is applied: the pre-part text for `first' is set to ", ", and the part join method for the preceding part (either `jr' or `last') is set to "BTJ_NOTHING".
While all these rules are rather complicated, they mean that you are usually freed from having to do any customization of the name format. Certainly this is the case if you only need "fvlj" and "vljf" part orders, only want to abbreviate the first name, want periods after abbreviated tokens, non-breaking spaces in the ``right'' places, and commas in the conventional places.
If you want something out of the ordinary---for instance, abbreviated tokens jammed together with no puncuation, or abbreviated last names---you'll need to customize the name format a bit with "bt_set_format_text()" and "bt_set_format_options()".
void bt_free_name_format (bt_name_format * format)
Frees a name format created by "bt_create_name_format()".
void bt_set_format_text (bt_name_format * format,
bt_namepart part,
char * pre_part,
char * post_part,
char * pre_token,
char * post_token)
Allows you to customize some or all of the surrounding text for a single name part. Supply "NULL" for any chunk of text that you don't want to change.
For instance, say you want a name format that will abbreviate first names, but without any punctuation after the abbreviated tokens. You could create and customize the format as follows:
format = bt_create_name_format ("fvlj", TRUE);
bt_set_format_text (format,
BTN_FIRST, /* name-part to customize */
NULL, NULL, /* pre- and post- part text */
NULL, ""); /* empty string for post-token */
Without the "bt_set_format_text()" call, "format" would result in names formatted like "J. R. Smith". After setting the post-token text for first names to "", this name would become "J R Smith".
void bt_set_format_options (bt_name_format * format,
bt_namepart part,
boolean abbrev,
bt_joinmethod join_tokens,
bt_joinmethod join_part)
Allows further customization of a name format: you can set the abbreviation flag and the two token-join methods. Alas, there is no mechanism for leaving a value unchanged; you must set everything with "bt_set_format_options()".
For example, let's say that just dropping periods from abbreviated tokens in the first name isn't enough; you really want to save space by jamming the abbreviated tokens together: "JR Smith" rather than "J R Smith" Assuming the two calls in the above example have been done, the following will finish the job:
bt_set_format_options (format, BTN_FIRST,
TRUE, /* keep same value for abbrev flag */
BTJ_NOTHING, /* jam tokens together */
BTJ_SPACE); /* space after final token of part */
Note that we unfortunately had to know (and supply) the current values for the abbreviation flag and post-part join method, even though we were only setting the intra-part join method.
char * bt_format_name (bt_name * name, bt_name_format * format)
Once a name format has been created and customized to your heart's content, you can use it to format any number of names that have been split with "bt_split_name" (see bt_split_names). Simply pass the name structure and name format structure, and a newly-allocated string containing the formatted name will be returned to you. It is your responsibility to "free()" this string.