use Net::SMTP;
# Constructors
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost', Timeout => 60);
The Net::SMTP class is a subclass of Net::Cmd and (depending on avaibility) of IO::Socket::IP, IO::Socket::INET6 or IO::Socket::INET.
#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
use Net::SMTP;
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
print $smtp->domain,"\n";
$smtp->quit;
This example sends a small message to the postmaster at the SMTP server known as mailhost:
#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
use Net::SMTP;
my $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
$smtp->mail($ENV{USER});
if ($smtp->to('postmaster')) {
$smtp->data();
$smtp->datasend("To: postmaster\n");
$smtp->datasend("\n");
$smtp->datasend("A simple test message\n");
$smtp->dataend();
} else {
print "Error: ", $smtp->message();
}
$smtp->quit;
On failure "undef" will be returned and $@ will contain the reason for the failure.
"HOST" is optional. If "HOST" is not given then it may instead be passed as the "Host" option described below. If neither is given then the "SMTP_Hosts" specified in "Net::Config" will be used.
"OPTIONS" are passed in a hash like fashion, using key and value pairs. Possible options are:
Hello - SMTP requires that you identify yourself. This option specifies a string to pass as your mail domain. If not given localhost.localdomain will be used.
SendHello - If false then the EHLO (or HELO) command that is normally sent when constructing the object will not be sent. In that case the command will have to be sent manually by calling "hello()" instead.
Host - SMTP host to connect to. It may be a single scalar (hostname[:port]), as defined for the "PeerAddr" option in IO::Socket::INET, or a reference to an array with hosts to try in turn. The ``host'' method will return the value which was used to connect to the host. Format - "PeerHost" from IO::Socket::INET new method.
Port - port to connect to. Default - 25 for plain SMTP and 465 for immediate SSL.
SSL - If the connection should be done from start with SSL, contrary to later upgrade with "starttls". You can use SSL arguments as documented in IO::Socket::SSL, but it will usually use the right arguments already.
LocalAddr and LocalPort - These parameters are passed directly to IO::Socket to allow binding the socket to a specific local address and port.
Domain - This parameter is passed directly to IO::Socket and makes it possible to enforce IPv4 connections even if IO::Socket::IP is used as super class. Alternatively Family can be used.
Timeout - Maximum time, in seconds, to wait for a response from the SMTP server (default: 120)
ExactAddresses - If true the all ADDRESS arguments must be as defined by "addr-spec" in RFC2822. If not given, or false, then Net::SMTP will attempt to extract the address from the value passed.
Debug - Enable debugging information
Example:
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost',
Hello => 'my.mail.domain',
Timeout => 30,
Debug => 1,
);
# the same
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new(
Host => 'mailhost',
Hello => 'my.mail.domain',
Timeout => 30,
Debug => 1,
);
# the same with direct SSL
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost',
Hello => 'my.mail.domain',
Timeout => 30,
Debug => 1,
SSL => 1,
);
# Connect to the default server from Net::config
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new(
Hello => 'my.mail.domain',
Timeout => 30,
);
"Net::SMTP" inherits from "Net::Cmd" so methods defined in "Net::Cmd" may be used to send commands to the remote SMTP server in addition to the methods documented here.
The "mail" method can some additional ESMTP OPTIONS which is passed in hash like fashion, using key and value pairs. Possible options are:
Size => <bytes> Return => "FULL" | "HDRS" Bits => "7" | "8" | "binary" Transaction => <ADDRESS> Envelope => <ENVID> # xtext-encodes its argument ENVID => <ENVID> # similar to Envelope, but expects argument encoded XVERP => 1 AUTH => <submitter> # encoded address according to RFC 2554
The "Return" and "Envelope" parameters are used for DSN (Delivery Status Notification).
The submitter address in "AUTH" option is expected to be in a format as required by RFC 2554, in an RFC2821-quoted form and xtext-encoded, or <> .
The "recipient" method can also pass additional case-sensitive OPTIONS as an anonymous hash using key and value pairs. Possible options are:
Notify => ['NEVER'] or ['SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY'] (see below) ORcpt => <ORCPT> SkipBad => 1 (to ignore bad addresses)
If "SkipBad" is true the "recipient" will not return an error when a bad address is encountered and it will return an array of addresses that did succeed.
$smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2); # Good
$smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2, { SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
$smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2, { Notify => ['FAILURE','DELAY'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
@goodrecips=$smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['FAILURE'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
$smtp->recipient("$recipient,$recipient2"); # BAD
Notify is used to request Delivery Status Notifications (DSNs), but your SMTP/ESMTP service may not respect this request depending upon its version and your site's SMTP configuration.
Leaving out the Notify option usually defaults an SMTP service to its default behavior equivalent to ['FAILURE'] notifications only, but again this may be dependent upon your site's SMTP configuration.
The NEVER keyword must appear by itself if used within the Notify option and ``requests that a DSN not be returned to the sender under any conditions.''
{Notify => ['NEVER']}
$smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['NEVER'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
You may use any combination of these three values 'SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY' in the anonymous array reference as defined by RFC3461 (see http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3461.txt for more information. Note: quotations in this topic from same.).
A Notify parameter of 'SUCCESS' or 'FAILURE' ``requests that a DSN be issued on successful delivery or delivery failure, respectively.''
A Notify parameter of 'DELAY' ``indicates the sender's willingness to receive delayed DSNs. Delayed DSNs may be issued if delivery of a message has been delayed for an unusual amount of time (as determined by the Message Transfer Agent (MTA) at which the message is delayed), but the final delivery status (whether successful or failure) cannot be determined. The absence of the DELAY keyword in a NOTIFY parameter requests that a ''delayed`` DSN NOT be issued under any conditions.''
{Notify => ['SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY']}
$smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['FAILURE','DELAY'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
ORcpt is also part of the SMTP DSN extension according to RFC3461. It is used to pass along the original recipient that the mail was first sent to. The machine that generates a DSN will use this address to inform the sender, because he can't know if recipients get rewritten by mail servers. It is expected to be in a format as required by RFC3461, xtext-encoded.
"DATA" may be a reference to a list or a list and must be encoded by the caller to octets of whatever encoding is required, e.g. by using the Encode module's "encode()" function.
If specified the contents of "DATA" and a termination string ".\r\n" is sent to the server. The result will be true if the data was accepted.
If "DATA" is not specified then the result will indicate that the server wishes the data to be sent. The data must then be sent using the "datasend" and "dataend" methods described in Net::Cmd.
Most sites usually disable this feature in their SMTP service configuration. Use ``Debug => 1'' option under new() to see if disabled.
If "ExactAddresses" is passed to the constructor, then addresses should be a valid rfc2821-quoted address, although Net::SMTP will accept the address surrounded by angle brackets.
funny user@domain WRONG "funny user"@domain RIGHT, recommended <"funny user"@domain> OK
Steve Hay <shay@cpan.org> is now maintaining libnet as of version 1.22_02.
Copyright (C) 2013-2016 Steve Hay. All rights reserved.