Data::Compare

Section: User Contributed Perl Documentation (3)
Updated: 2021-01-27
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NAME

Data::Compare - compare perl data structures

SYNOPSIS

    use Data::Compare;

    my $h1 = { 'foo' => [ 'bar', 'baz' ],  'FOO' => [ 'one', 'two' ] };
    my $h2 = { 'foo' => [ 'bar', 'barf' ], 'FOO' => [ 'one', 'two' ] };
    my @a1 = ('one', 'two');
    my @a2 = ('bar', 'baz');
    my %v = ( 'FOO', \@a1, 'foo', \@a2 );

    # simple procedural interface
    print 'structures of $h1 and \%v are ',
      Compare($h1, \%v) ? "" : "not ", "identical.\n";

    print 'structures of $h1 and $h2 are ',
      Compare($h1, $h2, { ignore_hash_keys => [qw(foo)] }) ? '' : 'not ',
      "close enough to identical.\n";

    # OO usage
    my $c = new Data::Compare($h1, \%v);
    print 'structures of $h1 and \%v are ',
      $c->Cmp ? "" : "not ", "identical.\n";
    # or
    my $c = new Data::Compare;
    print 'structures of $h and \%v are ',
      $c->Cmp($h1, \%v) ? "" : "not ", "identical.\n";

DESCRIPTION

Compare two perl data structures recursively. Returns 0 if the structures differ, else returns 1.

A few data types are treated as special cases:

Scalar::Properties objects

This has been moved into a plugin, although functionality remains the same as with the previous version. Full documentation is in Data::Compare::Plugins::Scalar::Properties.

Compiled regular expressions, eg qr/foo/

These are stringified before comparison, so the following will match:

    $r = qr/abc/i;
    $s = qr/abc/i;
    Compare($r, $s);

and the following won't, despite them matching *exactly* the same text:

    $r = qr/abc/i;
    $s = qr/[aA][bB][cC]/;
    Compare($r, $s);

Sorry, that's the best we can do.

CODE and GLOB references

These are assumed not to match unless the references are identical - ie, both are references to the same thing.

You may also customise how we compare structures by supplying options in a hashref as a third parameter to the "Compare()" function. This is not yet available through the OO-ish interface. These options will be in force for the *whole* of your comparison, so will apply to structures that are lurking deep down in your data as well as at the top level, so beware!

ignore_hash_keys: an arrayref of strings. When comparing two hashes, any keys mentioned in this list will be ignored.

CIRCULAR STRUCTURES

Comparing a circular structure to itself returns true:

    $x = \$y;
    $y = \$x;
    Compare([$x, $y], [$x, $y]);

And on a sort-of-related note, if you try to compare insanely deeply nested structures, the module will spit a warning. For this to affect you, you need to go around a hundred levels deep though, and if you do that you have bigger problems which I can't help you with ;-)

PLUGINS

The module takes plug-ins so you can provide specialised routines for comparing your own objects and data-types. For details see Data::Compare::Plugins.

Plugins are *not* available when running in ``taint'' mode. You may also make it not load plugins by providing an empty list as the argument to import() - ie, by doing this:

    use Data::Compare ();

A couple of functions are provided to examine what goodies have been made available through plugins:

plugins: Returns a structure (a hash ref) describing all the comparisons made available through plugins. This function is *not* exported, so should be called as Data::Compare::plugins(). It takes no parameters.
plugins_printable: Returns formatted text

EXPORTS

For historical reasons, the Compare() function is exported. If you don't want this, then pass an empty list to import() as explained under PLUGINS. If you want no export but do want plugins, then pass the empty list, and then call the register_plugins class method:

    use Data::Compare ();
    Data::Compare->register_plugins;

or you could call it as a function if that floats your boat.

SOURCE CODE REPOSITORY

<git://github.com/DrHyde/perl-modules-Data-Compare.git>

BUGS

Plugin support is not quite finished (see the the Github issue #5 <http://github.com/DrHyde/perl-modules-Data-Compare/issues/5> for details) but is usable. The missing bits are bells and whistles rather than core functionality.

Plugins are unavailable if you can't change to the current directory. This might happen if you started your process as a priveleged user and then dropped priveleges. If this affects you, please supply a portable patch with tests.

Bug reports should be made on Github or by email.

AUTHOR

Fabien Tassin <fta@sofaraway.org>

Portions by David Cantrell <david@cantrell.org.uk>

COPYRIGHT and LICENCE

Seeing that Fabien seems to have disappeared, David Cantrell has become a co-maintainer so he can apply needed patches. The licence, of course, remains the same. As the ``perl licence'' is ``Artistic or GPL, your choice'', you can find them as the files ARTISTIC.txt and GPL2.txt in the distribution.