NOTE: beginning in Net::Server 2.005, the default value for
ipv is IPv* meaning that if no host is passed, or
a hostname is past, all available socket types will be
bound. You can force IPv4 only by adding an ipv => 4
configuration in any of the half dozen ways we let you
specify it.
# Net::Server::Proto and its accompanying modules are not
# intended to be used outside the scope of Net::Server.
# That being said, here is how you use them. This is
# only intended for anybody wishing to extend the
# protocols to include some other set (ie maybe a
# database connection protocol)
use Net::Server::Proto;
my @info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info(
$port, # port to connect to
$default_host, # host to use if none found in port
$default_proto, # proto to use if none found in port
$default_ipv, # default of IPv6 or IPv4 if none found in port
$server_obj, # Net::Server object
);
my @raw_info = Net::Server::Proto->get_addr_info($host, $port, $proto);
# returns arrayref of resolved ips, ports, and ipv values
my $sock = Net::Server::Proto->object({
port => $port,
host => $host,
proto => $proto,
ipv => $ipv, # * (IPv*) if false (default false)
}, $server);
# Net::Server::Proto will attempt to interface with
# sub modules named similar to Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# Individual sub modules will be loaded by
# Net::Server::Proto as they are needed.
use Net::Server::Proto::TCP; # or UDP or UNIX etc
# Return an object which is a sub class of IO::Socket
# At this point the object is not connected.
# The method can gather any other information that it
# needs from the server object.
my $sock = Net::Server::Proto::TCP->object({
port => $port,
host => $host,
proto => $proto,
ipv => 6, # IPv6 - default is * - can also be '4'
}, $server);
# Log that a connection is about to occur.
# Use the facilities of the passed Net::Server object.
$sock->log_connect( $server );
# Actually bind to port or socket file. This
# is typically done by calling the configure method.
$sock->connect();
# Allow for rebinding to an already open fileno.
# Typically will just do an fdopen.
$sock->reconnect();
### Return a unique identifying string for this sock that
# can be used when reconnecting.
my $str = $sock->hup_string();
# Return the proto that is being used by this module.
my $proto = $sock->NS_proto();
Only three or four protocols come bundled with Net::Server. TCP, UDP, UNIX, UNIXDGRAM, and SSLEAY. TCP is an implementation of SOCK_STREAM across an INET socket. UDP is an implementation of SOCK_DGRAM across an INET socket. UNIX uses a unix style socket file with the SOCK_STREAM protocol. UNIXGRAM uses a unix style socket file with the SOCK_DGRAM protocol. SSLEAY is actually just a layer on top of TCP but uses Net::SSLeay to read and write from the stream.
The protocol that is passed to Net::Server can be the name of another module which contains the protocol bindings. If a protocol of MyServer::MyTCP was passed, the socket would be blessed into that class. If Net::Server::Proto::TCP was passed, it would get that class. If a bareword, such as tcp, udp, unix, unixdgram or ssleay, is passed, the word is uppercased, and post pended to ``Net::Server::Proto::'' (ie tcp = Net::Server::Proto::TCP).
host => "127.0.0.1", # an IPv4 address
host => "::1", # an IPv6 address
host => 'localhost', # addresses returned by localhost (default IPv* - IPv4 and/or IPv6)
host => 'localhost/IPv*', # same
ipv => '*',
host => 'localhost', # same
ipv => 6,
host => 'localhost', # addresses returned by localhost (IPv6)
ipv => 'IPv4 IPv6',
host => 'localhost', # addresses returned by localhost (requires IPv6 and IPv4)
host => '*', # any local interfaces (default IPv*)
ipv => '*',
host => '*', # any local interfaces (any IPv6 or IPv4)
host => '*/IPv*', # same
1) Explicit IPv4 or IPv6 address - wins
2) ipv specified in port
3) ipv specified in host
4) ipv specified in proto
5) ipv specified in default settings
6) ipv specified in $ENV{'IPV'}
7) default to IPv*
To help overcome parsing ambiguity, it is also possible to pass port as a hashref (or as an array of hashrefs) of information such as:
port => {
host => "localhost",
ipv => 6, # could also pass IPv6 (* is default)
port => 20203,
proto => 'tcp',
}
If a hashref does not include host, ipv, or proto - it will use the default value supplied by the general configuration.
A socket protocol family PF_INET or PF_INET6 is derived from a specified address family of the binding address. A PF_INET socket can only accept IPv4 connections. A PF_INET6 socket accepts IPv6 connections, but may also accept IPv4 connections, depending on OS and its settings. For example, on FreeBSD systems setting a sysctl net.inet6.ip6.v6only to 0 will allow IPv4 connections to a PF_INET6 socket. By default on linux, binding to host [::] will accept IPv4 or IPv6 connections.
The Net::Server::Proto::object method returns a list of objects corresponding to created sockets. For Unix and INET sockets the list typically contains just one element, but may return multiple objects when multiple protocol families are allowed or when a host name resolves to multiple local binding addresses. This is particularly true when an ipv value of '*' is passed in allowing hostname resolution.
You can see what Net::Server::Proto parsed out by looking at the logs to see what log_connect said. You could also include a post_bind_hook similar to the following to debug what happened:
sub post_bind_hook {
my $self = shift;
foreach my $sock ( @{ $self->{server}->{sock} } ){
$self->log(2,$sock->show);
}
}
Rather than try to explain further, please look at the following examples:
# example 1 #----------------------------------
$port = "20203";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = undef;
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => 'default-domain.com',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => *, # IPv*
# };
# example 2 #----------------------------------
$port = "someother.com:20203";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => 'someother.com',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => *,
# };
# example 3 #----------------------------------
$port = "someother.com:20203/udp";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => 'someother.com',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'udp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::UDP
# ipv => *,
# };
# example 4 #----------------------------------
$port = "someother.com:20203/Net::Server::Proto::UDP";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "TCP";
$def_ipv = 4;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => 'someother.com',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'Net::Server::Proto::UDP',
# ipv => 4,
# };
# example 5 #----------------------------------
$port = "someother.com:20203/MyObject::TCP";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto);
# @info = {
# host => 'someother.com',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'MyObject::TCP',
# };
# example 6 #----------------------------------
$port = "/tmp/mysock.file|unix";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => '*', # irrelevant for UNIX socket
# port => '/tmp/mysock.file', # not really a port
# proto => 'unix', # will use Net::Server::Proto::UNIX
# ipv => '*', # irrelevant for UNIX socket
# };
# example 7 #----------------------------------
$port = "/tmp/mysock.file|unixdgram";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => '*', # irrelevant for UNIX socket
# port => '/tmp/mysock.file', # not really a port
# proto => 'unixdgram', # will use Net::Server::Proto::UNIXDGRAM
# ipv => '*', # irrelevant for UNIX socket
# };
# example 8 #----------------------------------
$port = "/tmp/mysock.file|SOCK_STREAM|unix"; # legacy
$def_host = "";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => '*', # irrelevant for UNIX socket
# port => '/tmp/mysock.file', # not really a port
# proto => 'unix', # will use Net::Server::Proto::UNIX
# unix_type => 'SOCK_STREAM',
# ipv => '*', # irrelevant for UNIX socket
# };
# example 9 #----------------------------------
$port = "/tmp/mysock.file|SOCK_DGRAM|unix"; # legacy
$def_host = "";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => '*', # irrelevant for UNIX socket
# port => '/tmp/mysock.file', # not really a port
# proto => 'unix', # will use Net::Server::Proto::UNIXDGRAM
# unix_type => 'SOCK_DGRAM',
# ipv => '*', # irrelevant for UNIX socket
# };
# example 10 #----------------------------------
$port = "someother.com:20203/ssleay";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => 'someother.com',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'ssleay', # will use Net::Server::Proto::SSLEAY
# ipv => *,
# };
# example 11 #----------------------------------
$port = "[::1]:20203 ipv6 tcp";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => '::1',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 6,
# };
# example 12 #----------------------------------
$port = "[::1]:20203 tcp";
$def_host = "default-domain.com/IPv6";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = {
# host => '::1',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 6,
# };
# example 13 #----------------------------------
$port = "[someother.com]:20203 ipv6 ipv4 tcp";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = ({
# host => 'someother.com',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 4,
# }, {
# host => 'someother.com',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 6,
# });
# example 14 #----------------------------------
# depending upon your configuration
$port = "localhost:20203";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = ({
# host => '127.0.0.1',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 4, # IPv4
# }, {
# host => '::1',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 6, # IPv6
# });
# example 15 #----------------------------------
# depending upon your configuration
$port = "localhost:20203";
$def_host = "default-domain.com IPv*";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = ({
# host => '127.0.0.1',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 4, # IPv4
# }, {
# host => '::1',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 6, # IPv6
# });
# example 16 #----------------------------------
# depending upon your configuration
$ENV{'IPV'} = '4';
$port = "localhost:20203";
$def_host = "default-domain.com";
$def_proto = "tcp";
$def_ipv = undef;
@info = Net::Server::Proto->parse_info($port,$def_host,$def_proto,$def_ipv);
# @info = ({
# host => '127.0.0.1',
# port => 20203,
# proto => 'tcp', # will use Net::Server::Proto::TCP
# ipv => 4, # IPv4
# });