CHAGE
Section: Comandi utente (1)
Updated: 29/03/2021
Page Index
NOME
chage - cambia le informazioni sulla scadenza della password
SINOSSI
-
chage [opzioni] LOGIN
DESCRIZIONE
The
chage
command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password.
OPZIONI
The options which apply to the
chage
command are:
-d, --lastday LAST_DAY
-
Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last changed. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area). If the
LAST_DAY
is set to
0
the user is forced to change his password on the next log on.
-E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
-
Imposta la data o il numero di giorni dal 1 gennaio 1970 dal quale l'account utente non sarà più accessibile. La data può essere inserita nel formato AAAA-MM-GG (o il formato più comunemente utilizzato nel proprio paese). Un utente il cui account sia bloccato deve contattare l'amministratore di sistema prima di poter accedere nuovamente al sistema.
For example the following can be used to set an account to expire in 180 days:
-
chage -E $(date -d +180days +%Y-%m-%d)
Passing the number
-1
as the
EXPIRE_DATE
will remove an account expiration date.
-h, --help
-
Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce.
-i, --iso8601
-
When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format.
-I, --inactive INACTIVE
-
Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked. The
INACTIVE
option is the number of days of inactivity. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again.
Passing the number
-1
as the
INACTIVE
will remove an account's inactivity.
-l, --list
-
Visualizza le informazioni sulla scadenza dell'account.
-m, --mindays MIN_DAYS
-
Set the minimum number of days between password changes to
MIN_DAYS. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time.
-M, --maxdays MAX_DAYS
-
Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When
MAX_DAYS
plus
LAST_DAY
is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the
-W
option, which provides the user with advance warning.
Passing the number
-1
as
MAX_DAYS
will remove checking a password's validity.
-R, --root CHROOT_DIR
-
Apply changes in the
CHROOT_DIR
directory and use the configuration files from the
CHROOT_DIR
directory.
-W, --warndays WARN_DAYS
-
Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The
WARN_DAYS
option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire.
If none of the options are selected,
chage
operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a pair of
[ ]
marks.
NOTA
The
chage
program requires a shadow password file to be available.
The chage program will report only the information from the shadow password file. This implies that configuration from other sources (e.g. LDAP or empty password hash field from the passwd file) that affect the user's login will not be shown in the chage output.
The
chage
program will also not report any inconsistency between the shadow and passwd files (e.g. missing x in the passwd file). The
pwck
can be used to check for this kind of inconsistencies.
The
chage
command is restricted to the root user, except for the
-l
option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire.
CONFIGURAZIONE
The following configuration variables in
/etc/login.defs
change the behavior of this tool:
FILE
/etc/passwd
-
Informazioni sugli account utente.
/etc/shadow
-
Informazioni sicure sugli account utente.
VALORI RESTITUITI
The
chage
command exits with the following values:
0
-
success
1
-
permission denied
2
-
invalid command syntax
15
-
can't find the shadow password file
VEDERE ANCHE
passwd(5),
shadow(5).